Bhumihar is a caste Mainly Found in the states of Bihar, Jharkhand , Uttar Pradesh and in the Bundelkhand area of the Madhya Pradesh. There is also a significant migrant population of Bhumihars in Mauritius, Suriname, Trinidad & Tobago, USA, Canada, Britain and Australia. One Story of their origin is that the Bhumihar Brahmins Parashurama destroyed the Kshatriya Many times and he set up in their Place the descendent's of Brahmins. Bhumihar Brahmins is known as Karm Kandi Pandit in the sixteenth Century Particularly in North Bihar. In South Bihar their Most Prestigious King (Gopal Sharan) was the Tekari Family in the Eighteenth Century. In our Country So many Bhumihar Scholars have been born like Swami Sahajanand Saraswati , Sir Ganesh Dutt and Siyaram Tiwary the Former Dean of the Vishwa Bharti university Formerly Known as Shanti Niketan.

Chiranjiv (Immortal) Parshuram was the sixth Avatar of Vishnu.

He was the son of sage Jamadagni and Renuka. Rishi Jamadagni was known for his temper.

Parshuram was a devotee of Shiva and he received a Parshu (a weapon) from Lord Shiva as a boon thus the name Parshram was given to him. Shiva also tought him war skills. As a child Parshuram was a keen learner and he always obeyed his Father Rishi Jamadgani. Parshurama was the first Warrior Brahmin and he is also called Brahmakshatriya (both Brahmin and Kshatriya means warrior) his mother Renuka Devi was a daughter of Kshatriya's. And after receiving a Parshu from Lord Shiva it has become impossible for any one on the earth to defeat him.

Parshurama's parents were great spiritual achievers his Mother Renuka devi had command over the water elments and his father Jamadgani over fire. Its even said that Renuka devi could fetch water in the even in a wet clay pot. Once Rishi Jamadgani asked Renuka Devi to fetch water in the clay pot, some how Renuka Devi was distracted from the thought of being a women and the clay pot broke. Seeing Renuka Devi wet the enraged Jamadgani called his son Parshurama. He ordered Parshurama to cut Renuka devi's head. Parshuram obeyed his father. Rishi Jamadgani was so pleased with his son that he asked him for a boon. Parshurama asked Rishi Jamadgani to restore the breaths of his mother, thus Rishi Jamadgani who was the owner of Divya Shakties (divine Powers) brought back the life of Renuka Devi.

Rishi Jamadgani and Renuka Devi both were blessed not only for having Parshuram as their son but they were also given the Kamdhenu Cow. Once Rishi Jamadgani went out from his Ashram and in the mean while some Kshatriyas (worriers) arrived at their Ashram. They were in search of food, the Ashram Devies gave them food they were so surprised to see the magical cow Kaamdhenu, the cow would give any Dish she asked for. They were so amused and they put up the purposal of buying the cow for their king Kartavirya Sahasrarjuna, but all the Ashram sahadus (sages) and Devies refused. They forcefuly took away the cow. Parshurama killed the entire army of King Kartavirya Sahasrarjun and restored the magical cow. In Revenge Kartavirya Sahasrarjun's son killed Jamadgani. When ParshuRama returned to the ashram he saw his father's body. He noticed the 21 scars on Jamadgani's body and took the pledge to kill all unjust kshatriyas 21 time on this earth. He killed all the sons of king.

Parshurama tought war skills to Bhishma Pitamha, Dronacharya and even to Karana (all these are characters of Mahabharata). Parshurama is immortal it is even belived that he still lives on the earth and he will even teach war skills to Kalaki, the tenth Avatar of Vishnu who is come on the earth in the end of Kalyug.

Once Parshurama went to see Lord Shiva on Kailasha. Lord Ganesha came into his way, who was ordered by his mother Parvati to prevent anybody to come and disturb them. Parshurama threatned ganesha and ask him to fight with him if he want to stop him from meeting Shiva. In this fight Parshurama cutt off Ganesha left Tusk. When Goddess Parvati saw this she lost her temper. Godess took the form of Adhhi Shakti in anger that even shiva was unable to please him. She told that Parshurama is not satisfied with the blood of Kastriya's that he wants to harm my son. Ganesha asked his Mother to forgive Parshurama and he some how succeded in pleasing his mother. Parshurama was so pleased with Ganesha that he gave him his parshu and blessed him.

Born On: February 22, 1889
Born In: Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh
Died On: June 25, 1950
Career: Revolutionary, Social Reformer, Writer, Historian, Intellectual
Nationality: Indian

Recognized as one of the principle and significant leaders of peasantry in Bihar, Swami Sahajanand Saraswati was a brilliant intellectual and a striking master of debate. Gifted with numerous qualities of mass leadership, Sahajanand grew as a social reformer and politician and won a circle of several admirers. However, to his ill-fate, all his contributions towards the freedom movement of India and raising consciousness of peasants are forgotten today, except amongst a small number of historians and social scientists. The most attractive and instructive respect that he earned during his life was his intellectual transformation, which makes him distinguished even today, though with a small population. He was a versatile genius with performing several roles during his entire working career, such as linguist, polymath, sociologist, historian, philosopher, writer, grammarian, ascetic, revolutionary, Marxist, and politician.

Early Life: Swami Sahajanand Saraswati was born as Naurang Rai on February 22, 1889 in the village of Deva, Dullahpur in Ghazipur district of Uttar Pradesh state. He was born as the sixth and last son in a Jijhoutia Bhumihar Brahmin family. His father, Beni Rai, was a cultivator and hence, stood away from priestly functions. His mother died when he was kid and was raised by his aunt. The family survived on a small zamindari income that was carried from his grandfather's time. However, with time and extension of the family, the land was divided and the family had to take up cultivation to earn its living. However, this did not stop the family from sending Sahajanand to school. After receiving formal education in a primary school, he went to German Mission High School where he obtained his education in English medium.

Since childhood, he was attracted towards religious practices. He objected on people believing in fake religious rituals and hence, opted for studying religious texts in order to find real spiritual solace by biding goodbye to the world. To prevent him from doing this, his family got him married to a child bride, but his wife died in 1905 or early 1906, even before the marriage could even stabilize. On his last attempt to adopting the sanyas, he was initiated into holy orders and took the name of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati. By adopting sanyas, he was abandoned from sitting in the matriculation examination. But he spent the first seven years studying religion, politics, and social affairs.

Political Career: Beginning his public appearance from Bhumihar Brahmin, he graduated towards Indian National Congress and Peasant Movement, initially in Patna, Bihar, and later across India. Influenced by Mahatma Gandhi, he took up political schooling under him and started serving in the Congress as a true Gandhian. By 1920, Sahajanand was ready to plunge himself into the nationalist movement under Gandhi. But he was disgusted with the hypocrisy and false faces of Gandhians within his first 15 years with the party. The final break up with Gandhi came in 1934 when Bihar was affected with a massive earthquake. Although relief operations were carried out, Sahajanand found that people were actually suffering due to the cruelty of the landlords rather than the earthquake. On sighting this, he went to Gandhi who replied with a wily answer indicating that the landlords will themselves handle the difficulties of the peasants.

Thus, Sahajanand ended the 14-year association with Gandhi on the pretext of pseudo-spiritualism, professions of non-violence, and religious hocus-pocus. After the break up, he kept away from party politics though he shifted his interest towards mobilizing the peasants. He was a Dandi sanyasi and hence, carried a long bamboo stick with him. Later on, this stick became the symbol of peasant resistance. He gave the Bihar peasants the slogan "Danda Mera Zindabad" (Long live my stick) which was assumed to be "Long live the danda (lathi) of the Kisans" and became an important motto in the movement. In response to this, the peasants took up "Swamiji ki Jai" (Victory to Swamiji) and "Kaise Logey Malguzari, Latth Hamara Zindabad" (How will you collect rent as long as our sticks are powerful?).

Kisan Sabha: Sahajanand Saraswati formed a smaller Kisan Sabha in Patna district in association with a formal organizational structure, though it was institutionalized only after few years. Later in 1929, he established the Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha (BPKS). With this, he emerged as the foremost kisan leader in India. Immediately after the formation of the Sabha, Bihar was plunged into the Civil Disobedience Movement that helped in creating awareness amongst the masses, but did not give enough time for the leaders of the Sabha to formalize its structure. As such, the experiences of the Civil Disobedience Movement inside and outside the jail created crevices between the Kisan Sabhaites and some Congress leaders. Thus, Sahajanand cut himself entirely from the political world for several years.

The membership of this Sabha was estimated 80,000 in 1935 with the numbers increasing to 2,50,000 in 1938, thereby making it the largest provincial body in India. The All India Kisan Sabha (AIKS) was formed with some Congress Socialists at the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress on April 11, 1936. Sahajanand was elected as its first President. The Sabha comprised of many eminent leaders, like N.G. Ranga, E.M.S. Namboodiripad, Pandit Karyanand Sharma, Pandit Yamuna Karjee, Pandit Yadunandan (Jadunandan) Sharma, Rahul Sankrityayan, P. Sundarayya, Ram Manohar Lohia, Jayaprakash Narayan, Acharya Narendra Dev, and Bankim Mukerji. It demanded the abolition of zamindari system and cancellation of rural debts. Thereafter, in October 1937, it adopted the red flag as its banner.

Soon, the leaders started keeping distance from Congress and got more involved with Congress governments in Bihar and United Province. With the formation of the All India Kisan Sabha, the Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha became one of its provincial units. Sahajanand organized the Anti-Compromise Conference with Subhas Chandra Bose against the British and Congress. He even worked with the Communist Party of India during World War II. However, he broke from all politicians to form his own Kisan Sabha and speak up for the peasants of Bihar. With his standards of speech and action, he was successful in creating a reputation for himself amongst peasants. He communicated with them and assured them about improving their conditions. In a short duration, he earned love and respect by the peasants, but was equally respected and feared by landlords, Congressmen, and officials.

Death: Swami Sahajanand Saraswati died on June 25, 1950 in Patna, Bihar at the age of 61.

Posthumous Honors: A commemorative stamp was issued by the Government of India in memory of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati which was officially released by the then minister of Communications, Ram Vilas Paswan on June 26, 2000. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research has instituted the Swamy Sahajanand Saraswati Extension Scientist/Worker Award in his honor. A two-day Kisan Mahapanchayat was organized on the occasion of his 112th birth anniversary in Rabindra Bhawan, Patna in 2001 which was inaugurated by the then state assembly Speaker Sadanand Singh and attended by several eminent personalities. A book on the life of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati was released by Bihar Governor R.S. Gavai in Patna on his 57th death anniversary.

Notable Works: Bhumihar Brahmin Parichay (Introduction to Bhumihar Brahmins), in HindiJhootha Bhay Mithya Abhiman (False Fear False Pride), in HindiBrahman Samaj ki Sthiti (Situation of the Brahmin Society), in HindiMera Jeewan Sangharsha (My LIfe Struggle), in HindiKisan Sabha ke Sansmaran (Recollections of the Kisan Sabha), in HindiJang aur Rashtriya AzadiSamyukta Kisan Sabha, Samyukta Samajvadi Sabha ke DastavezGita Hridaya (Heart of the Gita)Kisanon ke Dave.

Timeline
1889: Born on February 22 in Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh
1907: Renamed himself as Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
1920: Joined nationalist movement under Gandhiji
1929: Formed the Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha (BPKS)
1934: Ended relationship with Gandhi
1936: Established the All India Kisan Sabha (AIKS)
1950: Died in Patna, Bihar on June 25, aged 61
2000: Commemorative stamp released by the Government of India
2007: Bihar Governor R.S. Gavai released a book on his.

Born On: September 23, 1908
Born In: Begusarai, Bihar
Died On: April 24, 1974
Career: Poet, Essayist, Academician, Literary Critic
Nationality:Indian

His passion and enthusiasm for poetry and writing bestowed him with the title Rashtrakavi which means "national poet". Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar' gained recognition and popularity in the pre-independence period through his eminent and notable nationalist poetry. With an initial interest in composition, he gradually found himself drawing closer towards the Indian freedom struggle movement, thereby becoming a Gandhian later on and working in close relations with Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, and Braj Kishore Prasad. Being a renowned and prominent poet, his poetry "Singhasan Khaali Karo Ke Janata Aaati Hai" was recited at Ramlila Ground in New Delhi during the Emergency. Such was his respect and honor that his portrait was unveiled by the Prime Minister of India, Dr. Manmohan Singh in 2008 in the Central Hall of Parliament of India.

Early Life: Ramdhari Singh Dinkar was born in a poor Bhumihar Brahmin family in the village of Simariya in Begusarai district of Indian state of Bihar. Since childhood, Dinkar showed immense interest in studies, his favorite subjects being history, philosophy, and politics. In his later years, he even learned several other languages, such as Hindi, Sanskrit, Maithili, English, Bengali, and Urdu. Iqbal, Rabindranath Tagore, Keats, and Milton were some famous celebrities that influenced Dinkar to a large extent. Such was the influence that he went ahead with translating the works of Rabindranath Tagore from Bangla to Hindi.

Literary Career: Dinkar worked on the concept of "veer rasa", or "brave mode", although he did give some works that proved to be exception to this concept. Due to his high talent and knowledge of various Indian languages, Dinkar was more popular amongst people whose mother tongue was not Hindi. In addition to writing on anti-imperialism, nationalism, humanism, history, and social and political satires, he even touched the themes of love, passion, and relationships of a man and woman. This was evident from his "Urvashi" poem that talked about the spirituality and a different platform of earthly relationships. His "Kurukshetra" was a dedication in the memory of all dead and sacrificed in Second World War. It relied on the Santi Parva of Mahabharata. Another poem that was inspired by the events leading to Kurukshetra war in Mahabharata was "Krishna ki Chetavani". His "Sanskriti ke Chaar Adhyaay" depicts his love for India and describes the different cultures, languages, and topography despite which, India stands united and one.

Political Career: Dinkar entered politics supporting the revolutionary movement during India's struggle for freedom. However, he became a Gandhian later on, though he regarded himself as a bad Gandhian simply because he lent his support for indignation and revenge amongst youth which was against Gandhi's Satyagraha movement. In his 1946 poem "Kurukshetra", he mentioned about how destructive war is but, at the same time, also emphasized on its importance for the protection of freedom. After independence, Dinkar was nominated and elected to Rajya Sabha on three occasions. He attained the position of a member in the house from April 3, 1952 to January 26, 1964.

Notable Honors: Dinkar's "Kurukshetra" received several awards from the Kashi Nagri Pracharini Sabha, Uttar Pradesh Government, and Government of India. Further in 1959, he was bestowed upon with the Sahitya Akademi Award for "Sanskriti ke Char Adhyaay". He was later honored with Padma Bhushan Award in 1959 and LLD degree from Bhagalpur University. Gurukul Mahavidyalaya appointed him as Vidyavachaspati and was selected as Sahitya-Chudamani by Rajasthan Vidyapeeth in Udaipur on November 8, 1968. This was not all for Dinkar as he was honored with Jnanpith Award in 1972 for his work on "Urvashi".

Posthumous Recognitions: With numerous accolades and awards during his lifetime, Dinkar was not left behind even after his death. To mark his 79th birth anniversary on 30 September, 1987, the then President of India, Shankar Dayal Sharma paid a tribute to him. Dinkar was paid high respect with a postal stamp being released by Government of India in 1999 featuring him as one of the Hindi writers on the celebration of "Linguistic Harmony of India". With this, India completed 50 years of Indian Union accepting Hindi as its official language. To complete 100 years of Dinkar's birth anniversary, the government released a book in 2008 that was authored by Khagendra Thakur. During the same period, his statue was unveiled at Dinkar Chowk in Patna and a two-day seminar was held in Calicut University.

Death: Ramdhari Singh Dinkar passed away on April 24, 1974 at the age of 65.

Timeline
1908: Was born on September 23 in Simariya, Begusarai, Bihar
1928: His first poetical work "Vijay Sandesh" was published
1946: Penned the distinguished poem "Kurukshetra"
1952: Elected as a member of Rajya Sabha
1959: Was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award for "Sanskriti ke Char Adhyay"
1959: Received the Padma Bhushan Award
1968: Was appointed as Sahitya-Chudamani by Rajasthan Vidyapeeth, Udaipur
1972: Conferred upon with Jnanpith Award for "Urvashi"
1974: Died on April 24 in Begusarai aged 65
1987: Honored with a tribute by former President Shankar Dayal Sharma
1999: Featured on a postage stamp to mark 50 years of Hindi as official language on Indian Union
2008: Portrait revealed in the Central Hall of parliament of India on his centenary year

Phanindra Nath Ghosh, hitherto a key member of the Revolutionary Party had treacherously betrayed the cause by turning an approver, giving evidence, which led to the execution. Baikunth was commissioned to plan the execution of Ghosh as an act of ideological vendetta which he carried out successfully on 9 November 1932. He was arrested and tried for the killing. Baikunth was convicted and hanged in Gaya Central Jail on May 14, 1934. He was only 28 years old.

He had to serve prison terms for a total of more than sixteen and a half years for his revolutionary activities. During imprisonment in different jails of India, he was subjected to extreme torture, which corroded his iron constitution.

On his arrival at Motihari, the district headquarters, accompanied by Raj Kumar Shukla, Gandhiji was ordered to leave by the next available train which he refused to do and was arrested. He was released and the ban order was withdrawn in the face of a, "Satyagraha" threat. Gandhiji conducted an open enquiry into the peasant's grievances. The Government had to appoint an enquiry committee with Gandhiji as a member. This led to the abolition of the system. Raj Kumar Shukla has been described by Gandhiji in his "Atmakatha", as a man whose suffering gave him the strength to rise against the odds. In his letter to Gandhiji he wrote "Respected Mahatma, You hear the stories of others everyday. Today please listen to my story... I want to draw your attention to the promise made by you in the Lucknow Congress that you would come to Champaran. The time has come for you to fulfil your promise. 19 lakhs suffering people of Champaran are waiting to see you." Gandhiji reached Patna on 10 April, 1917 and on 16 April he reached Motihari accompanied by Raj Kumar Shukla. Under Gandhiji's leadership the historic "Champaran Satyagraha" began. The contribution of Raj Kumar Shukla is reflected in the writings of Dr. Rajendra Prasad, first President of India, Acharya Kriplani and of course, Mahatma Gandhi himself. Raj Kumar Shukla maintained a diary in which he has given an account of struggle against the atrocities of the indigo planters, atrocities so movingly depicted by Deen Bandhu Mitra in "Neel Darpan", a play that was translated by Michael Madhusudan Dutt. This movement by Mahatma Gandhi received the spontaneous support of a cross section of people, including Dr. Rajendra Prasad, who ultimately became the first President of India.

He won the first election for Bihar and Orissa Assembly in 1937 as a Congress candidate. He was one of the strongest pillars of the peasant movement in Bihar under the leadership of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati. He along with Rahul Sankritayan and other Hindi literaries started publishing a Hindi weekly Hunkar from Bihar, in 1940. Hunkar later became the mouthpiece of the peasant movement and the agrarian movement in Bihar. He was elected to the post of President Bihar Journalist association in 1947-48. He died of cancer in October 1953 at an early age of 55. After his untimely demise the peasant movement lost momentum in Bihar and became rudderless. His name also appears in Bipan Chandra's masterpiece India's Struggle for Independence.

During arrest he suffered severe scalding injuries to his hands and chest. Under the Act of 1935, Sri Babu formed his Cabinet Patna on 20th July, 1937. He disagreed with the Governor on the issue of the realease of political prisoners and resigned. The Governor had to give in finally and Sri Krishna Babu resumed his office. But he again resigned im 1939 over the question of involving India in the Second World War without the consent of the Indian people. Impressed by this courage of Dr. Sinha, Mahatma Gandhi in 1940 awarded him the distincting of being called 'the first Satyagrahi'm of Bihar. As the Chief Minister, Dr. Sri Krishna Sinha served Bihar continuously from 1946 to 1961. He was always interested in self study and his ideas and speeches were noted for their wisdom. He was a staunch opponent of casteism and always rose in defence of the oppressed, the backward and the Harijans.

He passed away on 31st January, 1961.